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Film Features Film/TV

Game Show

The femme fatale of this wacky game-show/CIA hit-man movie is Julia Roberts, who, over coffee in the film’s third act, quotes Nietzsche: “The man who despises himself still respects himself as he who despises.” This kernel of wisdom comes too late for Chuck Barris, who has spent his whole life ambitiously despising himself. It’s difficult to know whether Barris, who has much to atone for (The Gong Show, The Gong Show Movie, killing 33 people), despises himself for his past sins or if he sins because of his self-loathing, but it is clear that he was unhappy with himself and took his life on a colorful, reckless path to deal with it.

Based on his 1981 “unauthorized autobiography,” Confessions of a Dangerous Mind traces the rise and falls of Barris (Sam Rockwell), an obscure man turned obscure celebrity. Beginning as a page at ABC Studios, Barris climbs the ranks until he is pitching his own shows to the network president. His brainchild: a game show where young single women select one of three young, unseen men for a possible date, based on their answers to “important” questions. Sound familiar? It’s The Dating Game.

Before success strikes Barris, fate does — in the form of CIA agent Jim Byrd (George Clooney) who offers Barris a deal he can’t refuse: to become a special agent for the CIA too — a hit man. Once The Dating Game takes off, he has the perfect cover. Babysitting googoo-eyed twentysomethings by day, whacking foreign operatives by night. Simple. Fun. Patriotic.

Complicating things (as it will do) is true love. Barris spends years trying to figure out a place in his heart for young, perky Penny (Drew Barrymore). Their open relationship weathers poorly over the years (funny how that happens) and his infidelity soon gets the best of them — forcing him to confront the fact that his life of self-hatred and aggressive self-involvement has prevented him from learning how to love (funny how that happens). Cancelled shows, failed relationships, and murder anxiety take their toll and Barris breaks down — nervously, that is. The result: endlessly standing naked in front of a TV, unkempt, dirty, out of it. Perhaps this is hell for bad TV producers — frozen in front of a TV with nothing good on for all eternity. That’s karma. But Barris snaps out of it and writes a book about his life, purging himself of his Technicolor transgressions. The rest: history.

George Clooney marks his directorial debut with this film, and it is a marvelously accomplished first go. The style of the film is a colorful, moody patchwork of vivid lighting, clever music, funny editing, and goofy casting — very much in keeping with the ’60s and ’70s game show/spy fantasia that was Barris’ life. Would that the Austin Powers franchise had the sense of genuine fun and shadowed homage. Would also that all first-time directors could so cannily navigate in and out of riotously funny absurdity through to real pathos — as in the scene where a paranoid, delusional Barris, in the middle of a Gong Show taping, begs a stagehand to get it over with and kill him. The world, for a moment, is frozen in fear. That this occurs on the set of The Gong Show is hilarious yet somehow so profound that we cannot laugh. Just as effective: when Barris turns the tables on the CIA mole that’s been sent to kill him. What could be/should be very funny is darkened by a reprise of Beethoven’s “Moonlight Sonata” and by the straight-playing real acting of its stars — well-timed and superbly composed by Clooney.

Rockwell provides an uncanny likeness to the look and spirit of King Gong. Snarky, twitchy, leering, he channels considerable authenticity from a mostly unlikable but compulsively watchable dark clown. We never quite sympathize with him, nor does the film try to get us under his skin. It’s unnecessary. As an audience, we view as one would rubbernecking past a circus-y train wreck — all bright colors and strange messes. Best to view from several feet back, but, unlike anything else associated with Chuck Barris, this is must-see TV. — Bo List

The historical drama Rabbit-Proof Fence is Australian director Phillip Noyce’s first project in his home country in more than a decade — a decade spent helming such forgettable Hollywood director-for-hire projects as Sliver, The Bone Collector, and The Saint. And while it’s a welcome departure from that sort of product, Rabbit-Proof Fence, in its own way, is just as anonymous as those films.

Noyce, who also directed the well-received The Quiet American, set to open in Memphis next month, puts very little personality into this tale of three Aboriginal girls who are abducted from their outback home and taken to a government training school. Yet the material is so compelling on its own terms that it seems sufficient for Noyce to get out of the way and merely present the facts in such a simple and direct way. And perhaps Noyce deserves credit for his restraint and for his refusal to exploit the material for easy sentimentality or pathos.

Set in Western Australia in 1931, the film is adapted from a book by Australian writer Doris Pilkington that recounts the true childhood story of her mother, Molly (Everlyn Sampi), then 14, her aunt, Daisy (Tianna Sansbury), then 8, and their cousin Gracie (Laura Monaghan), then 10, who were abducted from their mothers by government agents and transported 1,200 miles away to the state-run Moore River training school.

The film, dedicated to the “stolen generations” of Aborigine children, documents a controversial passage in Australian history in which official government policy (enforced into the 1970s, the film tells us) was to take “half-caste” children from their Aboriginal homes and train them (to be house servants and factory workers, basically) to live in the “white” world.

The government rationale for this policy is embodied by A.O. Neville (a historical figure, here played by Kenneth Branagh), the administrator of the relocation policy, who exudes a well-meaning yet sinister racial paternalism. An amateur eugenicist, Neville is shown giving a slide show about the “native problem” to a ladies-who-lunch crowd, demonstrating how, by taking half-caste children out of their Aboriginal communities, it is possible to “breed the color out” in just a couple of generations and insisting that, “in spite of himself, the native must be helped.”

The offspring of Aboriginal women and since-departed white construction workers who helped build the titular fence (a modest wood-and-wire contraption that spans the continent and separates white-owned farmland from the pestilence of the country’s rabbit population), Molly, Daisy, and Gracie are marked for removal. The abduction scene itself, in which a government officer in a jeep chases down the fleeing girls and their mothers outside the dusty, desert depot of Jigalong and forcibly removes the girls from their mothers’ clutches, is the film’s most harrowing and memorable scene.

The girls are taken to the Moore River school, where nuns teach them to be good, Christian, white girls who perform manual labor and scold them to “stop that jabbering” when they try to talk to each other in their native language. They run away, following the fence on a months-long trek home, pursued by a tracker from the school. And it is this journey, oddly calm and free of narrative tension, that forms the bulk of the film.

This slow-paced, naturalistic stretch, in which the untrained young actresses traverse the country’s outback, is as likely to remind filmgoers of some of the Iranian films that have played Memphis in the last few years as it is Nicholas Roeg’s superficially similar outback drama Walkabout.

Rabbit-Proof Fence is a subject of much debate in Australia, where this history is still very controversial and a sore point for a government that refuses to apologize for the policy. But American audiences need not be familiar with the political history of Australia to get the point. This is a film whose legitimate sense of outrage rhymes all too closely with our own history. — Chris Herrington

Categories
Music Music Features

Not Your Grandma’s Gospel

From a musical genre once characterized by traditional call-and-response chants, low-sung hymns, and slow meters, gospel music has been transformed into music for the masses, aping the style of hip hop, pop, and R&B, genres that cater to a young audience. Following this impulse, contemporary gospel has evolved with more instrumentation, catchy choruses, and choreographed choirs. While the traditional format still has its place, contemporary gospel has grown into a formidable presence in the music industry.

While the contemporary field is littered with male performers, including the genre’s poster performer, Kirk Franklin, female artists have been slow to the scene. Since its origins in the late ’80s, women have been reluctant to abandon gospel’s traditions for a more secular sound, waiting instead for the results of their male counterparts’ efforts.

Tina and Erica Atkins, better known as the duo Mary Mary, used these influences to launch their own contemporary careers. Named for the biblical Mary, the mother of Jesus, and Mary Magdalene, the California natives and sisters secured their place in the industry with the release of their first album, Thankful, in 2000. “We listened to the Winans, Commissioned, and the Hawkins,” Erica says. “I think when we came out we weren’t trying to mimic anybody. We definitely had our own sound, but since we listened to these people growing up, there are some parts in our music that you’ll hear from these people.”

While Thankful became a platinum-selling debut, with the signature hit “Shackles,” the sisters pushed forward, releasing their sophomore album, Incredible, in 2002. “We understand that you can’t redo what’s done, so we’re not trying to compete with the first album,” Erica says. “People want an extension of the same songs they enjoyed from the first album, but we realize that we have to use where God has us now.”

“We did get a lot of awards [Thankful received a Grammy for Best Contemporary Gospel Album, two Dove awards, three Stellar awards, and a Soul Train Award], but we don’t take it to the head. We’re still Erica and Tina. We still try to impart the [same] things into our music as with the first time,” Tina says. “You do realize that you have more listeners and that people are paying more attention, so you want to make sure that you give them something to listen to.”

Incredible features 15 tracks, written mostly by the sisters and produced by Erica’s husband, Warryn Campbell, who worked on the first album, along with Charlie and Kenny Bereal and R&B megaproducer Rodney Jerkins. The album was greeted with rave reviews and fans eager to hear touching lyrics over groovy beats. “I think the message in this album was God’s awesomeness and that gospel music is a music to be reckoned with,” Erica says. “It’s contemporary. It grabs the ears of listeners today. It’s a message of hope that everybody needs, not just those that call themselves Christians. If you’re a hip-hop head, a country- or pop-music fan, whatever, there’s something that you can enjoy in gospel music.”

While radio deejays have been taken with the upbeat track “In the Morning,” the remaining tracks offer a variety of styles and messages. “Smiled on Me” offers thanks for the blessings necessary to succeed in the difficult music business. “Trouble Ain’t” evokes memories of Sam Cooke, while the Stevie Wonder sample in “You Will Know” stresses spiritual growth and self-empowerment. For more traditional gospel fans, the ladies do not disappoint, offering “Thank You” and “He Said.”

“This album isn’t as personal,” Erica says. “On the first album, all we had was ourselves. Since then, we’ve traveled, met lots of people, and done a few things. Our perspective is on a different plane. You can see our growth vocally, lyrically, and even with production. Everything has been kicked up a notch.”

Although the sisters have come a long way from their beginnings in their Inglewood, California, church, both frequently return and participate with the choir. “You never grow beyond who you are,” Tina says. “You never get to the point where you don’t do those things anymore. You’re just at another level.”

“There will always be a place for [traditional gospel music], but music grows and gospel is just growing with the times,” Erica says.

Categories
Letters To The Editor Opinion

Postscript

A Real Report

To the Editor:

I work in the Memphis City Schools system, and I was glad to finally see a real report in the media regarding the problems with the system (Cover Story, January 23rd issue). John Branston seems fair, without letting MCS off the hook for its obvious deficiencies. It is a refreshing change from “Overreaction” News 5 with their nightly wide-eyed fear tactics and diatribes against city schools. The tabloid style of most local news outfits leaves little or no room for any actual journalism. I am glad to see the Flyer filling that gap.

Using outdated information for the recent MGT study is a terrible mistake. If MCS takes the consultant’s advice and cuts the Binghamton school based on this information, it will be a tragedy for the children there. This is my neighborhood, and I know firsthand how happy everyone was to hear we would be getting a school. If it is cut, it will send these kids the message that, unfortunately, many of them have been getting all their lives: “You don’t count.”

C.W. Nash

Memphis

Propaganda?

To the Editor:

The Flyer City Reporter article “Taking Other Actions” (January 23rd issue) was third-rate propaganda. Subtitled “‘Other’ minorities offered perks at historically black schools,” the article mentions exactly two historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs). One of these does not offer any special financial benefits to nonblack students. An official at the other was quoted as saying, “HBCUs typically ‘don’t pull the race card’ because of their open-admissions policy.” Maybe someone didn’t want to let reality interfere with a great-sounding phrase.

Likewise, how can “[a] stroll along the campus of Memphis’ LeMoyne-Owen College [reveal] a concerted effort for a diversified population”? First, the article says LeMoyne-Owen offers no financial incentives for nonblacks. Then, figures show the campus is grotesquely nonrepresentative of diversity. Your reporter concludes that a nonblack student body of less than 3.3 percent (“almost 40” out of 1,200 students) is reflective of a diverse student body and that the “administration realizes the importance of a diverse student body”!

By comparison, state Rep. Lois DeBerry threatened UT-Knoxville’s funding some months ago because that school’s student body (12 percent black) didn’t adequately reflect the state’s 16 percent black populace. Never mind that using raw population numbers rather than those qualified for four-year college admission inflates her issue or that the six Tennessee HBCUs divert thousands of black students from institutions like UT-Knoxville. UT-Knoxville, of course, immediately announced plans for more sensitivity — and more financial aid for blacks, more black-study programs, more black group-housing options, etc. (although to many it seemed that segregated programs and housing defeat the proclaimed goals of diversity).

Herbert E. Kook Jr.

Germantown

First or Fast?

To the Editor:

In an article in the Flyer (City Reporter, January 23rd issue), new WPTY news director Jim Turpin is quoted as follows: “We would rather be second to do a story and have it right than be first and get it wrong. A lot of times when breaking news reports go out in the city, they’re wrong at first, and I think that’s a sin. I think it has to stop and we’re going to be part of the solution.”

When breaking news reports first come out, if they’re wrong, it’s not necessarily because of shoddy reporting or failure to seek out correct information. It is because authorities do not often have a complete picture at the beginning of an incident. Is it better to give information from police sources immediately or wait until the story is sorted out and the breaking news event is wrapped up?

The public knows that in a breaking news situation, details and complete information are sketchy. But they also expect that news agencies will give them whatever information they have at the time and will provide a more comprehensive look at an incident as the investigation continues.

I guess claiming to want to wait for the whole story before telling any part of it gives WPTY a hall pass to be late to breaking news.

Elizabeth Berman (formerly of WMC)

KING 5 TV

Seattle, Washington

The Memphis Flyer encourages reader response. Send mail to: Letters to the Editor, POB 1738, Memphis, TN 38101. Or call Back Talk at 575-9405. Or send us e-mail at letters@memphisflyer.com. All responses must include name, address, and daytime phone number. Letters should be no longer than 250 words.

Categories
Opinion

Do Something!

In his book about the making of the modern Middle East, Six Days of War, Michael Oren records a Jewish leader’s devastating putdown of the Israeli diplomat Abba Eban: “He doesn’t live in reality; he never gives the right solution, only the right speech.”

So, to localize that, what about our own seemingly unsolvable problem of public schools? Suddenly, it seems that everyone wants a solution, and they want it now.

The order of the day is DO SOMETHING.

Enough Memphis Board of Education meetings that last six hours, as the one Monday night did. Enough $575,000 studies and blueprints for action. Enough task forces and special committees on education. Enough on-the-one-hand, on-the-other-hand editorials and reports. Enough legal opinions and polls of public opinion. Enough report cards with the same glum news. Enough of the city and county mayors not being on the same page. Enough portable classrooms at crowded suburban schools.

The immediate cause of all this urgency is two schools that could not be more atypical of the Memphis and Shelby County public schools. One is a proposed new high school in Arlington, a municipality in northeast Shelby County where it is a good bet that 90 percent of the citizens of Memphis have never set foot. The other is an expansion of Houston High School, which has by far the highest family income in the county.

The political leadership of Shelby County is determined to start building those schools this year and to do it without raising an additional $3 for city schools for every $1 it spends at Arlington and Houston.

Memphis mayor Willie Herenton is determined that this “piecemeal” solution will not happen without fundamental changes in city/county school funding and organization. If he can’t tie the city’s problem school system to the county’s crowded school system at this critical time, then he will have to hear people say for the rest of his administration that yes, Memphis and Mayor Herenton have done some good things but they didn’t do anything about the bad schools.

“There is enormous waste of valuable resources within the board of education,” he told Shelby County state lawmakers at a meeting at the University of Memphis Tuesday. At the same time, he said, “Achievement levels are getting worse. We’re spending more, but our children are not getting an increase in their academic performance.”

Herenton has rarely seemed so determined. For all his reputation as a fighter, his three terms as mayor have been marked mainly by compromises and patience on the schools issue. He kept quiet during the tenure of his successor, Gerry House. He gave her successor, Johnny Watson, two years and installed his finance director, Roland McElrath, as Watson’s assistant. He compromised with former Shelby County mayor Jim Rout on Cordova High School and the Grey’s Creek Sewer extension which opened up development east of Cordova. He gave the leaders of the Memphis Regional Chamber of Commerce three years to try to work something out in both public and private meetings.

Now he sees county leaders and suburban mayors trying to piece together a solution to their debt problem without addressing the underlying issue of two governments and two school systems.

One way or another, Herenton is determined to force the issue and make the city schools the county’s problem. The opinion poll showing support for an appointed school board that was released Tuesday was supposed to turn up the pressure, even if polls are often wrong.

“Let the people vote!” Herenton told lawmakers, the media, and several county and suburban officials attending the meeting.

The people, of course, already have the right to vote for an elected school board, thanks to some hard work by state lawmakers some 10 years ago. In a referendum, people would in effect be voting to give up the right to vote.

“The appointed school board is just not going to happen,” said Rep. Ulysses Jones after Herenton made his remarks.

Alternately, Herenton believes the city school board could dissolve itself and achieve a unified school system that way. But some board members are not inclined to bump themselves off.

Michael Hooks Jr., chairman of the MCS board, said he would only support a unified school system if it was part of a unified city and county government.

“A lot of what’s going on is left over from his administration as superintendent but he wants to point the finger at the board of education,” Hooks said. “We’re getting distracted. Let’s focus on the 64 low-performing schools.”

Herenton’s unified school system would lower property taxes in the city of Memphis by 86 cents and raise them 51 cents in the county, for a net savings for city taxpayers of 35 cents. No county elected official has endorsed it.

If the county wants new schools, Herenton has said, let them pay for them.

He is through giving the right speech and is ready for a solution to what he sees as the biggest blot on his own record as mayor and the city’s image. If he has to take on his old rivals, the suburban mayors, and his old friend, county mayor A C Wharton, in the process, he gives the impression that he will do that.

Categories
We Recommend We Recommend

friday, 31

It s the last Friday of the months, which means there s a South Main Trolley Art Tour tonight, with free well, there aren t any trolleys running but I think they have some buses in their place rides to all of the South Main Arts District s many galleries and shops. Opening receptions in the area tonight include: D Edge Gallery & Unique Art Treasures for an exhibit of wooden, painted flags by Chris Packer and Mark Collins; and Durden Gallery for DÇjÖ vu, works by James King, David Hinske, Jane Williams, and Steve Griffith. The big party in South Main tonight is the MPACT Memphis Alter Ego Party at The Power House on G.E. Patterson Blvd. next to Central Station, where there will be live music by Andy Grooms Living Room and William Lee Ellis, along with art by Chris Williams and visual effects by Indie Memphis; this is the first of four events hosted by MPACT Memphis as part of its new MPHASIS program, designed to offer up diverse arts and culture to active Memphians. Other art openings tonight include a reception at the Art Museum at the University of Memphis for the 20th Annual Juried Student Exhibition. On stage, the Tony Award-winning Ain t Misbehavin : The Fats Waller Musical Show (sob, sob; that reminds me of poor Nell Carter who just passed away) opens at Theatre Memphis. The Memphis Grizzlies are playing New York tonight at The Pyramid. This afternoon s Year of the Ram Celebration at the U of M University Center features exhibitions of the contributions Chinese citizens have made to Memphis, along with games, music, and more. O Teil Burbridge & The Peacemakers are at The Lounge tonight. Hot Action Cop, Embodyment, Faucetmouth, and North of Boston are at The Map Room. The Reba Russell Band is at Patrick s. There s a big show at the Hi-Tone tonight courtesy of Wrecked Em Records by The Subteens, The James Family, and The Clutters. And The Reigning Sound and The Mystery Girls are at Young Avenue Deli.

Categories
Art Art Feature

HOW IT LOOKS

Categories
Music Music Features

Local Beat

When I called Pat Mitchell, the interim director of The Blues Foundation, for information about this year’s BluesFirst convention and International Blues Challenge, the first thing she wanted to talk about was Mrs. Fletcher. While the fact that a leader in the national blues community could enjoy a performance by one of Memphis’ heaviest rock bands might throw some readers, those of you who know Pat will understand perfectly.

“I went to their CD-release party at Muvico Friday night, and it was the coolest thing I’ve seen all year,” Mitchell says. “At midnight, I paid $15, which got me into the premiere of Darkness Falls. The band played for 30 minutes while the screen ran previews of horror movies before the movie started. It was incredible. [Mrs. Fletcher’s] album is called The Evil E.P. and they sold over 100 copies! The band is really great — kind of a cross between System of a Down and Ziggy Stardust. Muvico didn’t know what to think. They had tons of security in there, but they were cool with the crowd. I want to thank them for opening such an innovative showcase for local bands.”

That rave out of the way, Mitchell turns back to the International Blues Challenge: “I’ve really seen this event grow over the years,” Mitchell says. “When I started at the Blues Foundation six years ago, the bands got to play for 10 minutes. They’d travel halfway around the world for that one shot on Beale Street! But now they get to play for two nights and get judged twice. We have almost 70 bands — more musicians than we’ve had in the history of the contest. We have a band from the Republic of Georgia, one from Norway, groups from Singapore, Canada, and the U.K., and, of course, bands from all over the U.S.”

Any organization affiliated with the Blues Foundation could send a band. “Just getting in the IBC elevates a band’s credibility,” Mitchell says. “They become more than just a local artist. And the bands that make the finals get a real shot at making it on the national blues scene.”

Having label owners like Bruce Iglauer of Alligator Records and David Less of Memphis International on hand to judge the final round doesn’t hurt either. “You get radio people, promoters, and club owners seeing you here, and if you network, you can walk out of this weekend with contacts for festivals and clubs across the country,” Mitchell says. “It’s one weekend where you can really promote yourself to the blues community. It’s almost like a South by Southwest for the blues world.”

“Susan Tedeschi and Sean Costello were both finalists at the IBC,” Mitchell points out. “Richard Johnston won two years ago, and this year he’s nominated for a Handy Award. It’s so exciting to see past winners who have pushed themselves to the forefront of the scene.”

And who does she have her bets on for 2003? Mitchell demurs at first, then mentions Daniel “Slick” Ballinger, a North Carolina-based youngster who plays in the Mississippi hill-country style. “I appreciate him so much. It’s really encouraging to see a kid his age hanging out with Othar Turner and doing what people like Sid Selvidge did with Furry Lewis and what the North Mississippi Allstars did with Junior Kimbrough and R.L. Burnside. It’s nice to see that the grand blues tradition is still happening. The dedication to their art is almost like an apprenticeship,” Mitchell says.

Tickets for the International Blues Challenge quarterfinals and semifinals, which run Thursday, January 30th, and Friday, January 31st, respectively, cost $10 for a wristband entrance to all Beale Street clubs. Tickets for the finals on Saturday, February 1st, held at the New Daisy Theatre, also cost $10. For more information on the IBC and BluesFirst conference, go to blues.org.

You can e-mail Andria Lisle at localbeat@memphisflyer.com.

Categories
Editorial Opinion

Editorial

School Reform

In the last year, we’ve seen four — that’s four — plans to reform the city and county educational systems. The first plan — put together by a task force appointed by Memphis mayor Willie Herenton and now referred to as the Gwatney plan — was the result of months of closed-door meetings. It proposed a new funding formula, froze the current boundaries of the two systems to avoid consolidation, and, theoretically anyway, came up with more money for early childhood education. No other plan has looked at all the issues facing the dual systems so comprehensively.

The second of the four proposals, county mayor A C Wharton’s plan, focuses mostly on funding and getting the county district’s Arlington project off the ground. It also includes an advisory committee to determine what each district actually needs in terms of capital improvements but doesn’t get rid of the current funding formula.

The most recent two proposals have come fast and furious from Herenton and are more concerned with the district’s governance than its finances. On New Year’s Day, the mayor said he was going to revive the Gwatney plan to fix the funding problem. But his first recommendation was to have an appointed city school board rather than an elected one. Just two weeks later, Herenton proposed another plan, which involved having the city schools give up their charter.

The question is: Which, if any, of these solutions will actually work for everyone involved?

When Mayor Herenton asked the city council to call for a referendum to surrender the Memphis City Schools charter, the mayor’s spokesperson, Gale Jones Carson, told a Flyer reporter that the mayor had done his homework by researching what had happened in other cities. The mayor has lots of smart people on his staff who can advise him on such matters. But we need definitive answers. If research on comparative situations in other cities has been done, the public needs to have access to that information. There’s too much at stake to rush to judgment.

If You’re Happy …

If you cannot find Osama, bomb Iraq.

If the markets are a drama, bomb Iraq.

If the terrorists are frisky,

Pakistan is looking shifty,

North Korea is too risky,

Bomb Iraq.

The foregoing bit of doggerel is a verse from a song circulating on the Internet these days. It’s sung to the tune of “If You’re Happy and You Know It.”

As the Bush administration continues to press for war with Iraq, much of the rest of the world, and increasing numbers of Americans, are not happy about it. They remain unconvinced of its necessity. And necessity is the key word. War should be undertaken only out of necessity. The case that war with Iraq is necessary remains to be made in the minds of most.

Certainly, putting pressure on Saddam Hussein to disarm or go into exile makes sense. He’s a despot and needs to be removed. But a threat to the U.S? Not likely at this juncture. Two-thirds of Iraq’s landmass is a “no-fly zone” controlled by the U.S. If something tickles the radar screen, it gets shot down. If we perceive a threat on the ground, we don’t hesitate to take it out. Meanwhile, U.N. weapons inspectors continue with daily inspections of potential weapons sites. Saddam is not in a position to attack anybody.

We’ve got him pinned into a corner. It’s likely only a matter of time before his regime folds. Why risk a single soldier’s — or Iraqi civilian’s — life just to hasten the inevitable? War should not be just another option, only the last resort.

Categories
Music Record Reviews

Short Cuts

Tallahassee

The Mountain Goats

(4AD)

The second-most quotable album of 2002, after the Streets’ Original Pirate Material, comes from what would seem, outwardly, like a diametrically opposed source. Rather than a brash, beat-driven geezer, John Darnielle is a ‘zine writer (Last Plane to Jakarta, now available on the Web with a .com after its title), death-metal fan, and acoustic-guitar-wielding singer-songwriter. As the Mountain Goats, Darnielle has nurtured a fervent cult, and Tallahassee, his first album for 4AD, allows newcomers the privilege of discovering what the fuss is about.

To call the album “literary” is to shortchange both Darnielle’s cognac-dry melodies and pinched-but-urgent vocals. But every line of every song is so meticulously composed and manages to sound so un-self-conscious, if you love words it can make your head spin. And that goes especially for his metaphors: On “International Small Arms Traffic Blues,” he evokes both unrequited love (“My love is like a powder keg/In the corner of an empty warehouse/Somewhere just outside of town/About to burn down”) and the uneasy peace of a longstanding relationship (“Our love is like the border between Greece and Albania/Trucks loaded down with weapons/Crossing over every night, moon yellow and bright/There is a shortage in the blood supply/But there is no shortage of blood/The way I feel about you, baby, I can’t explain it/You’ve got the best of my love”).

“No Children” sharpens the knife further: “I hope if you think of me years down the line/You can’t think of one good thing to say/And I hope if I found the strength to walk out/You’d stay the hell out of my way.” Pretty damn lucid for a guy who notes earlier, on “First Few Desperate Hours,” that “I speak in smoke signals and you answer in code.” Don’t bet on it.

Michaelangelo Matos

Grade: A-

The Bootleg Series Vol. 5:

Live 1975 — The

Rolling Thunder Revue

Bob Dylan

(Columbia)

By 1975, Bob Dylan was no prophet. His most celebrated work was nearly a decade behind him. He had looked lost as Alias in Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid, had appeared onstage only a handful of times from 1966 to 1973, and was already gaining a stage and studio reputation as more of a holy presence than a bandleader. In short, he was quietly evolving into his current role as a tireless touring musician who happened to be one of the most compelling figures in rock-and-roll.

Although I was shocked and delighted when he regrouped with 2001’s “Love and Theft,” I’ve never been particularly interested in noncanonical Dylan. Life’s just too short. And that goes double for the whole Rolling Thunder medicine-show-circus-fantastic-voyage-look-Bob’s-back -with-Joan-Baez-and-Sam-Shepard’s-there-too! fiasco. The official document of the second “Rolling Thunder” tour, 1976’s Hard Rain, was a gigantic disappointment after his four previous LPs — Before the Flood, Blood on the Tracks, The Basement Tapes, and Desire. But history is mutable. Thanks to Columbia’s The Bootleg Series — the outstanding archival Dylan project that illuminated a shadow career with its first three volumes and officially released the epochal 1966 Manchester Free Trade/”Royal Albert Hall” concert as volume four — two previously unreleased CDs of the original Rolling Thunder lineup have been brought to the public for the first time.

Culled from shows in Massachusetts and Canada, the composite concert is a wild ride, and the most compelling and dynamic material connect from some unlikely angles. “Isis” and an enraged “The Lonesome Death of Hattie Carroll” turn into waltz-time maelstroms courtesy of the 13-piece, seven-guitar(!) backup band. The solo acoustic “Simple Twist of Fate” and “Love Minus Zero/No Limit” emphasize the feral, gritty, and wry vocal style Dylan favored at the time. And an electrified “A Hard Rain’s A-Gonna Fall” is much more palatable as music and jeremiad. Through it all, including the interminable “Hurricane” and a lugubrious finale, Dylan’s ease as an artist and power as a public musician sound as clear as they will be for nearly 20 years. When he sings “So easy to look at/So hard to define” during “Sara,” he could be describing his own post-Rolling Thunder career. It’s almost proph well, you know. —Addison Engelking

Grade: A-

Listening Log:

Kings of Crunk –Lil Jon & The East Side Boyz (TVT): Macho belligerence as predictable as it is largely incomprehensible and generally devoid of social purpose, only saved by the occasional cameo appearance by far more talented cohorts. Stupidest lyric among the countless contenders, from “B***h”: “Who we talkin’ about? Any nigga that act like a woman.” Oh no! Not a woman. (“I Don’t Give A ” [with Mystikal])

Grade: C

Girl Interrupted — Ms. Jade (Beatclub/Interscope): The Timbaland/Missy formula delivering the goods, even in its most generic form. (“The Come Up,” “Ching Ching,” “Feel the Girl”)

Grade: B+

G.H.E.T.T.O. Stories –Swizz Beatz (Dreamworks): This serviceable guest-star-laden producer’s showcase only proves that the Ruff Ryders-associated Beatz is a second-tier force in what is rapidly becoming a producer’s medium, without the recognizable sonic personality of a Timbaland or Neptunes, much less Mannie Fresh. Not bad, but this “story” collection only delivers about half of what the more provocative cover art promises. (“Shyne,” “Good Times,” “Guilty”)

Grade: B

200 KM/H in the Wrong Lane — t.A.T.u. (Interscope): American debut from Russian, teenaged, lipstick-lesbian-lovers dance-pop duo who have already gone platinum across the Eastern Bloc — now that’s marketing. Turns out “Russian” is the problem, though, since this stuff is so lacking in the funk department that it makes for better magazine fodder than radio play, though their vocals have more life in Russian than English. On the other hand, the lead single, on which one teenage girl professes romantic love for another, is a first of sorts, and how many other teen-pop acts would cover the Smiths to communicate their social agony? (“All the Things She Said,” “Show Me Love,” “How Soon Is Now”)

Grade: B

Mollie’s Mix –Various Artists (Kill Rock Stars): Kill Rock Stars is arguably the best punk record label of the last decade or so, not that you’d know it from this disappointing roster sampler, which is too often as amateurish-in-a-bad-way as scoffers believe all such music is. In this context, Sleater-Kinney sound even more monumental than they really are, and second-tier contenders the Bangs and the Gossip offer the kind of subpar performances more likely to ward tourists away than spur their interest. Nice to hear ex-Geraldine Fibbers frontperson Carla Bozulich back on wax, though. (“Bless Me” –Tight Bro’s From Way Back When; “Oh!” — Sleater-Kinney; “Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain” — Carla Bozulich)

Grade: B-

Nuclear War –Yo La Tengo (Matador): Hoboken’s finest use a long hiatus between proper albums to cover Sun Ra four times over in a too-prescient-for-comfort single/EP. Highlight: the call-and-response kiddie-chorus on “Version 2,” the tots singing with discernible potty-mouth glee, “It’s a motherfucker/Don’t you know?/If they push that button/Your ass got to go!” n

Grade: B+

Chris Herrington

Categories
Cover Feature News

I Want a New Drug

It’s a typical Saturday night for 22-year-old Jason Reyick,* a cook at a Midtown restaurant. He went to work around 5 p.m., walked home at midnight, then set about finding some drugs. Sometimes this task involves a trip to the liquor store, sometimes a phone call to his trusty pot dealer. But tonight a friend with a baggie full of little yellow pills shows up. Tonight, there’s just a payment of $20 for a 40-milligram tablet of OxyContin, a powerful prescription painkiller that’s recently entered the illegal drug market and rapidly gained popularity.

Later, a few friends from work show up, ready to party. Each purchases a pill, and their fun begins. Reyick, who prefers to snort OxyContin rather than chew or inject it, chops his pill into a fine powder with a pocket knife. He lays a dollar bill over the crushed pill and runs a lighter over it to crush all the chunks. Then he uses his knife to form the powder into a neat line, rolls up the dollar bill, and proceeds to snort the powder.

His friends follow suit, and minutes later, they enter a dreamlike state. Reyick slowly leans back on his ratty black couch, takes a deep breath, and closes his eyes, letting his body totally relax as peaceful thoughts sweep through his mind. The back pain from work floats somewhere far away. For the next several hours, he moves only to go to the bathroom a few times — and once to dry-heave over the toilet.

You may never have heard of OxyContin, but the scene described above is growing more common all over the Mid-South, a reflection of a national trend toward increasing abuse of the potent painkiller. In Tennessee, reported cases of OxyContin abuse are more prevalent in the eastern part of the state, but state DEA officials report that the drug is being increasingly seen in the Memphis area.

Trading Pain For Pleasure

Despite the number of strong painkillers on the market before 1996, people with severe pain due to cancer or other debilitating conditions were in need of something more. Oxycodone-containing medications available at the time, such as Percocet and Vicodin, contain additional ingredients, such as acetaminophen, which can cause organ-toxicity problems in large doses.

Since opiates cause tolerance to develop rather quickly, chronic pain sufferers would eventually have to up their dose to achieve the desired effect, thus also increasing the dose of acetaminophen or other added ingredients.

In December 1995, Purdue Pharma introduced OxyContin, a time-release pill which contained a much higher concentration of oxycodone and no acetaminophen. The oxycodone level in one 40-milligram tablet of OxyContin is equal to eight five-milligram Percocets. It was made available in a variety of strengths — 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 milligrams — and prescribed according to the severity of pain.

“The indication is for an intensity and longevity of disease. It’s for people who feel pain 24 hours a day and people who’re going to be in pain for the rest of their life,” says Jim Heins, associate director of public affairs at Purdue Pharma. “Say a back surgery has failed or they have cancer or maybe they’ve been in an accident and they’re going to be in pain for decades. It’s not disease-specific. It’s prescribed due to the chronicity of the pain.”

Oxycodone, the active ingredient in OxyContin, is a derivative of opium. Its effects are similar to that of morphine. In the Comprehensive Controlled Substances Act of 1970, Congress placed the drug under Schedule II status, which includes drugs that have some medical use but a high abuse potential. Oxycodone is cited as an effective analgesic for mild to moderate pain control, for chronic-pain syndrome, and for the treatment of terminal-cancer pain. OxyContin pills are covered with a coating that time-releases oxycodone into a user’s system for 12 hours. Abusers of the drug typically chew or crush the pills to get past the coating, releasing all the oxycodone at once for a much stronger high.

“OxyContin is kind of like a dream, but you can control it,” says Reyick. “It comes on slow and steady, kind of like a cocaine buzz, but once it hits, you’re just in a hole. It’s not a bad hole, though. It’s just the kind of hole that you can cruise through.”

When asked to explain the buzz, many users report something similar to a dreamlike state, where the body feels loose and heavy but the mind is in a state of intense euphoria. High doses of OxyContin, also known as OCs or Oxys, can cause loss of concentration, dizziness, skin that is sensitive to the touch, heavy sweating, and slurred speech. When there is little food in the stomach, the drug can also cause mild nausea.

According to the Office of National Drug Control Policy’s Pulse Check report, released in April 2002, many users in the Memphis area are engaging in OxyContin use in nightclubs and at parties, where it is often associated with the use of club drugs such as Ecstasy.

The Pulse Check also reports that OxyContin in Memphis is regularly bartered for other drugs, such as crack cocaine or other prescription pills. Twenty-milligram pills are sold for $10-$30 each, depending on the dosage strength.

Drugstore Cowboys

There are a number of ways OxyContin is being diverted from pharmacies to the streets. According to Mike Arpiao, a prescription drug diversion officer for the Tennessee DEA, the state is 16th in the nation in acquiring the drug for pharmacies, physicians, and hospitals. “People are obtaining it through doctor shopping [obtaining multiple prescriptions from a variety of doctors], forged prescriptions, or buying it off the street from people who are selling their prescriptions,” he says. “There are also unscrupulous pharmacists that could be selling it out the back door without a prescription.”

Drugstore robberies are another method of diversion, and the Pulse Check reports that thefts from the homes of legal users are also common. But according to the report, most of the OxyContin sold in Memphis has been diverted from the Northeast and shipped to the South.

The Shelby County vice-narcotics unit made only 10 OxyContin-related arrests last year, according to Major D.A. Betts. But the unit is seeing an increase in the use of the drug locally. Officers knew of the growing OxyContin abuse problem in eastern Tennessee and were aware of the potential problem. The drug is already very popular in the local DJ and rave circuit.

Accidental Addiction

Not everyone who’s abusing OxyContin is doing it purely for pleasure. Barbara Teague,* a 55-year-old local, was diagnosed with polio at age 3 and now suffers from a chronic muscle deterioration known as post-polio syndrome. The condition makes her bones brittle, and last year some bones in her hips were broken beyond repair. Doctors performed hip-replacement surgery, but Teague still suffers an extraordinary amount of pain. She’s prescribed 90 milligrams of OxyContin a day.

Her 28-year-old daughter Anna,* a pharmaceutical sales major at the University of Memphis, thinks her mother, who’s been taking the drug for a year and a half, has developed an addiction and says it’s caused multiple problems in her family.

“Sometimes, I’ll have to monitor her medication without her knowing it,” she says. “I’ll count them and look at the date on the bottle. She’s supposed to be taking three a day, so if there’s eight gone in a day, I’ll know she’s overmedicating. She takes care of my daughter during the day when I’m in school. One day she was so screwed up, she couldn’t find her ass from a set of bullhorns. I couldn’t leave my daughter with her. I had to miss school.”

Anna says her mother has trouble admitting she may have a problem and often resorts to excuses: “Well, I accidentally overdid it.” Or “I forgot I’d already taken some.” Or “I need to get one of those little pill dispensers with the numbered days so I won’t mess up.”

“She knows what she’s doing, but she’s in denial,” Anna says. “She wants to get a little high sometimes, and that’s the way she does it. Some people smoke pot. Some people drink. She takes pills by the handful.”

The Teague family’s OxyContin problem is not uncommon. In recent years, Purdue Pharma has been hit with a number of lawsuits from patients who were prescribed the medication and claimed to have become addicted.

Jim Heins of Purdue Pharma told the Flyer that the company has no hard numbers on how many lawsuits they’ve faced since 1995 regarding OxyContin addiction, but he says they are performing an analysis and will eventually release a report to the public. Heins adds that the recent increase in media coverage of OxyContin has created a negative picture of the drug, leading many patients to believe they are addicted when they may not be.

Dr. Clifford Bernstein, medical director of the California-based Weismann Institute, an opiate treatment center, disagrees. He says that many of the cases they treat involve people who were prescribed OxyContin and became hooked.

“We used to only treat heroin addicts, but now we’re about 70 percent prescription medications, and OxyContin’s my number-one drug. Purdue Pharma is denying the stuff’s even habit-forming, just like the tobacco industry,” he says. “A lot of patients don’t realize that after a while, the drugs don’t work and your dose is escalated. The next thing you know, you’re hooked.”

Hope & Healing

Addiction to OxyContin can result in the same kind of gradual wasting away that affects heroin and morphine addicts. Not all of those who engage in occasional recreational OxyContin are addicted, however. In fact, those who are prescribed the drug may run a higher risk of addiction because their supply is so readily available.

Reyick says he doesn’t have a problem and only occasionally uses OxyContin. He says he only does it when it happens to be around, although he adds that if he had more access to the drug, he’d have to watch himself.

“OxyContin’s one of those things that if you think you have control, then you’ve already fooled yourself and you’re in a dangerous position,” says Reyick.

For those who have a problem, extensive — and often expensive — treatment programs are available for opiate abuse. The programs fall into two categories: medical and social.

Medical treatments include the highly effective but very pricey rapid-detoxification method as well as the more traditional methadone program. Social treatments include drug counseling, such as Narcotics Anonymous. Medical treatment is recommended for serious opiate problems due to possible life-threatening withdrawal symptoms.

Methadone is administered orally to opiate-addicted patients once a day in clinics such as the Memphis Center for Research and Addiction Treatment on Madison Avenue. It’s a medically-safe drug, with no toxic side effects, that relieves withdrawal symptoms, eliminates opiate cravings, and allows for normal body functioning. Methadone has no narcotic effects but can cause withdrawals if not properly administered. Patients are normally weaned from methadone over a six-month period.

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration reports that methadone clinics nationwide have seen an increase in OxyContin abuse in recent years, including a particularly significant increase in 2001. Lisa Massey, a counselor at the Memphis Center, says the center has not seen a large number of patients with OxyContin problems, but she says it may be moving this way soon from East Tennessee. Massey says the number-one drug they treat is probably Dilaudid, a synthetic form of heroin.

(Treatment at the Memphis Center costs about $5,700 if a participant completes the entire program. Patients are charged $77 per week for 18 months, in addition to an initial fee of $127.)

The other form of medical treatment available, rapid detoxification, involves the administration of a pill called Naltrexone and promises results in three days. There are several methods of rapid detox performed at various clinics across the country, but the original method, practiced by the Weismann Institute in San Diego, has been around the longest and has a success rate of 65 percent after a year. There are no rapid-detox centers in the Memphis area.

“The Weismann method blocks cravings after bringing people through the withdrawals as humanely as possible,” says Dr. Bernstein, the institute’s medical director. “Methadone blocks cravings, but so do other opiates. They’re 100 percent interchangeable. The Naltrexone that we leave people on afterwards is exactly the opposite. If you’re hooked on an opiate and you take a Naltrexone pill, you’ll get very sick.”

“Look at OxyContin as a key that fits in a lock, the lock being the receptor. The key goes in the lock, opens the door, and turns on the receptor,” Dr. Bernstein explains. “That’s what gives the effect of OxyContin. Naltrexone is the drug we use to compete for that lock. It’s like a key that’s been broken in half. You can put the key in the lock, but you can’t open it. It blocks that receptor.”

Social treatments, such as the 28-day program at New Directions Inc. on Semmes Street in Memphis, provide patients with group counseling and one-on-one therapy. Sharon Couch, administrative assistant for New Directions, says they have yet to see large numbers of OxyContin abuse but pointed out that when someone comes in with a severe opiate addiction, she usually sends them to Central Intake at the Memphis and Shelby County Health Department for medical treatment to bring them through withdrawal.

“We’re strictly social. We don’t give any medicines. So if they’ve been off it a couple days and they’re pretty stable, we take them on in,” says Couch. “What we try to do is get people to change their thinking, not just their behavior.”

The U.S. DEA has recorded 318 deaths in which OxyContin was a contributing factor. Although OxyContin overdose is usually a result of poly-drug toxicity, it still plays a major role. According to Major Betts, there is one case in federal court involving an OxyContin overdose in the Memphis area.

Of the 20 major cities studied in the Pulse Check report, Memphis is among 12 in which OxyContin availability is reported as increasing markedly. The Tennessee Bureau of Investigation’s 2001-2002 Annual Report shows an increase in OxyContin abuse statewide. You may not have heard much about it yet, but OxyContin is coming, and the problem is likely to get worse before it gets better.