Winter was a difficult time for our ancestors. Except for those living in the equatorial part of the world, winters were cold and harsh. Food was scarce, and your food supply depended on your harvests and abilities to put food away for a later time. Even now with modern conveniences and technology, most of us are not looking forward to winter. It is no surprise that our distant ancestors created many holidays during these cold months to help them get through the darkest part of the year.
Late fall and winter are full of various holidays from around the world. The ancients tracked the turning of the seasons and often celebrated the most obvious shifts in the natural world. Many ancient cultures celebrated the end of fall (or summer for those parts of the world that don’t have a lot of seasonal changes) and the beginning of winter. You can see this in ancient Norse, ancient Celtic and British, and even modern traditions. The Norse called this Vetrnætr, or Winter Nights. The Celtics, British, and modern Pagans call this Samhain (or Halloween).
As the year winds down to December, we’re nearing the coldest, darkest months of the year. Our ancestors had comparatively little to help them through the season, and they used the symbolism of light to ease their anxiety. If you look at holidays happening in December, and in the later part of winter, many of them focus on candles, light, and the return of the sun.
Advent, Yule, Christmas, Hanukkah, and Kwanzaa are some of the more popularly celebrated holidays in America in December. Each of these has a strong connection to candles and lights.
Advent is a period of preparation and anticipation for some Christians, leading up to Christmas and marking the four Sundays before December 25th. Each week of Advent emphasizes themes such as hope, peace, joy, and love. The use of the wreath and candles during Advent are a long-standing Catholic tradition that was originally adopted by Christians in the Middle Ages as part of their spiritual preparation for Christmas. An Advent wreath is typically made of evergreen branches and holds four candles, each representing one of the four weeks, and intentions, of Advent.
Yule is the ancient practice of celebrating the winter solstice. Yule was practiced by our ancient ancestors and has been revived by modern Pagans. Yule represents the end of the dark half of the year on December 21st and the returning strength of the sun. Over time, different myths and stories have been attached to Yule, such as the Oak King and the Holly King story, as well as the birth of the God who is honored by Wiccans and Pagans.
Christmas is a holiday we are all familiar with and is the source of our modern gift-giving season. Christmas is the Christian holiday that celebrates the birth of their God, as well as hope and peace for the world.
Hanukkah is an eight-day celebration in the Jewish faith that is the “festival of lights,” during which gifts are given, and each day a candle of the menorah is ritualistically lit.
Kwanzaa is an African-American holiday celebrated from December 26th to January 1st. It is a time to learn, celebrate, and honor the ancestors. It’s based on African principles and ideals, and is rooted in first-fruit celebrations from across Africa. Kwanzaa celebrations include lighting a candle each night in a kinara, a candleholder with seven candles.
This is by no means a complete list of December holidays. Many more are celebrated in America and around the world. Every winter holiday may not include lights or candles, but it is easy to see how the need for hope and reassurance permeates many of them. Even in the 21st century, we cling to the hope of spring and warmer, easier days ahead.
No matter which holidays you celebrate (or don’t celebrate), keep the faith. Winter may be here, but it is not forever. The light will return, spring will come. In the meantime, all we have to do is take care of each other.
Emily Guenther is a co-owner of The Broom Closet metaphysical shop. She is a Memphis native, professional tarot reader, ordained Pagan clergy, and dog mom.