Categories
Letter From The Editor Opinion

Anniversary of a Murder

Time doesn’t heal all wounds. Sometimes it causes them to fester. This week will mark 12 years since my friend, Jessica Nicole Lewis, was murdered in South Memphis. Twelve years of unanswered questions. Twelve years knowing the man who took her life was able to continue living his, freely and without consequence.

On February 20, 2011, Jessica’s body was found in Mt. Carmel Cemetery, an unkempt graveyard at Elvis Presley and Elliston, about three miles north of Graceland and as many miles south of the Stax Museum of American Soul Music. There was evidence of a struggle; she’d been dragged through the grounds and shot in the head, the only clothing left on her battered body was underwear and a single sock.

We’d been close friends throughout high school and college, working two separate jobs together. We dated bandmates and arrived arm in arm to many concerts and parties during those years. She was the fiery, beautiful blonde who took no shit, and I was more or less her sidekick. It’d be impossible to share in this short space how much she meant to me or, after her death, how deep the need for justice would embed itself in me. As weeks and months and years went by with no movement in her case, I’d spend countless hours researching, poking through arrest records and crime reports, going down Facebook rabbit holes, and talking to people who knew her in her final days to try to find a single thread that might lead to her killer.

The following words are never easy to say: Jessica was a prostitute. In her last years, she was a drug addict, with arrests for possession of a crack pipe and solicitation. The last time I saw her, about two and half years before her death, she’d just gotten out of rehab, so I knew she had been struggling. But I had no idea how far she’d fallen. She had a pimp. She practically lived in shady hotels. She walked the streets. She walked the streets. I’ve yet to accept that this was her life and not a Lifetime movie.

Jessica, who was 28 at the time, wasn’t the only victim. On January 27, 2011, a “known prostitute,” according to reports, 31-year-old Tamakia McKinney, was found dead in the middle of Hemlock Street, about a mile from Mt. Carmel. Four days after Jessica’s death, another prostitute, 44-year-old Rhonda Wells, was found in the same cemetery. Two days after the discovery of Wells’ body, a fourth victim was shot in the face and left for dead on nearby Ledger Street. She survived.

A composite image of the suspect | Courtesy Memphis Police Department

Investigators believed the cases were connected. They retrieved shell casings linking two of the victims, as well as DNA samples from each crime scene. The survivor was able to give a description of the shooter: a Black male, around 24 years old, hair in cornrows. He drove a dark-colored Dodge Charger or Chrysler 300. Even with evidence, even with DNA, no one was ever charged. How do you not find a man who killed three women in a month’s time? I’ve formulated a few theories that I won’t get into here. And I’ve covered this case in news articles (within these pages) and a feature-length story (“A Voice for Jessica,” Memphis magazine, July 2016). I have met and interviewed the survivor. I worked closely with the cold case investigator, W.D. Merritt (who was almost as tenacious as I was about solving this case), before he passed from Covid in 2020. With so many murders in this city, I don’t expect much time to be spent investigating a 12-year-old case involving “prostitutes.” But had it been me? Had it been a school teacher, the daughter of a politician, a bank teller, or any other upstanding-citizen label you’d like to apply, these women would have had justice.

Jessica is never far from my mind, but as the anniversary of her murder approaches, I can’t help but paint a picture of her last days, the final horrifying moments before she was killed execution-style in a cemetery. I’ll never forget how the media sensationalized these killings, dehumanized the victims. Does time heal all wounds? Ask their mothers. Ask their children. Ask their friends. You’ll hear a resounding no.

Categories
Opinion Viewpoint

Police Could Use Outside Help to Solve Cold Cases

In its May 10th issue, the Flyer published a Q&A with me entitled, “Gone Cold.” I discussed the problem of unresolved homicides in Memphis and what my nonprofit organization could do to help solve some of these murders.

The basic issue is that between 1980 and 2016, the United States has accumulated over 242,355 cold cases. Memphis has more than 1,500. Considering that in 2016 the rate of solving homicides nationwide was at its lowest in our history, at 59.4 percent, these unsolved cases are increasing each year all over the country. Memphis is not alone.

For the past three years, I have been serving on the National Institute of Justice’s (NIJ) Cold Case Working Group putting together a “best practices” guide for implementing and sustaining a cold case unit within police departments. The final document is expected to be released/published late this year. This group of professionals from around the country believes that we have a problem that needs addressing, sooner rather than later. And that having a dedicated cold case unit within a police department is not a luxury but rather a necessity.

As I have said many times, law enforcement today is about the present and the future and rarely about the past. Research tells us ignoring cold cases or just trying to fix the problem without a dedicated unit can severely diminish law enforcement effectiveness. In turn, this could result in an increase of homicide incidents and cost us hundreds of thousands of dollars investigating other violent crimes — because the bad actors are still on the streets. Additionally, it means that justice is not being served and more families are going without answers, which in turn contributes to an environment of distrust of our police within the community.

But we can overcome this dilemma.

One method — adopted by the police in Charlotte, North Carolina, and in Tulsa, Oklahoma — is to allow professionals from outside the department (non-police who are properly vetted with non-disclosure agreements) to work with the cold case unit by reviewing cases for solvability factors. Other agencies have used grad students in the same manner. This method works under the premise that a new set of eyes nearly always finds things previously missed and helps to move the case forward toward a proper conclusion. Detectives spend around 60 percent of their time on administrative functions, so why not alleviate some of that with outside support and get them doing what they do best — investigating.

In Memphis, a similar approach could work, especially considering the department is severely short on personnel. They are doing their best just to keep up with the day-to-day activities. Having someone with the prerequisite knowledge about the nuances of conducting cold case investigations and one who has the organizational ability to structure the process for maximum effectives could truly help.

My nonprofit, the Mid-South Cold Case Initiative, with my expertise as the president/founder could be a possible solution. I have offered my services to Memphis (pro bono) and am open to other police agencies in the Mid-South, seeking assistance with their cold cases.
Besides the cold case expertise, I also offer specialty training that can be certified for continuing education credits and funding to offset the costs of hiring a crime analyst; increasing levels of reward money; purchasing of computers and software; bringing in outside trainers who specialize in homicide/cold case investigations; and paying for expedited forensic services (currently, it takes 10-12 months to get a DNA sample analyzed by the state crime laboratory). With an outside certified forensic laboratory, that can be reduced to 30 to 60 days.

We can overcome this dilemma. It is just going to take a concerted effort with a dedicated cold case unit that is structured properly. Whether that includes me or not is up to the police department(s) to decide. My services are pro bono. Just remember, doing nothing or having part-time cold case detectives there for optics does not resolve the problem. Only a properly structured dedicated unit provides maximum effectiveness.

Jim Adcock has more than 40 years of experience as an investigator, chief deputy coroner, and professor.